Gulf Canada was a Canadian integrated petroleum company that existed between 1944 and 2001. Gulf Oil Corporation began operating in Canada in 1942, and two years later formed a Canadian subsidiary called the Canadian Gulf Oil Company. In 1956 Canadian Gulf Oil merged with the British American Oil Company (of which Gulf Oil was the controlling shareholder) and until 1969 operated under the British American name. In 1969 British American amalgamated with its subsidiaries into a new company called Gulf Oil Canada Limited.
During the 1970s and 1980s, Gulf Canada was one of the country's "big four" oil companies along with Imperial, Shell Canada, and Texaco Canada. Gulf Canada remained in existence after the 1985 acquisition of Gulf Oil by Chevron. However, in 1986 Gulf Canada sold its retail operations, which included 900 gas stations, to Petro-Canada. In 2001, Conoco purchased Gulf Canada for C$6.7 billion in what was then the largest oil and gas transaction in Canadian history. The company then became Conoco Canada Resources Limited. Since Conoco's merger with the Phillips Petroleum Company in 2002, the company has been called ConocoPhillips Canada Resources Limited.
In 2015, Gulf-branded gas stations returned to Canada through a licensing deal between XTR Energy Company Limited and Gulf Oil International U.K. Limited.